Publicación: Variabilidad espacial del plomo (PB) en el municipio de Villavicencio usando musgos y hepáticas como medio para evaluar la calidad ambiental
dc.contributor.advisor | Trujillo González, Juan Manuel | |
dc.contributor.author | Zapata Muñoz, Yair Leandro | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2025-03-19T16:11:50Z | |
dc.date.available | 2025-03-19T16:11:50Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
dc.description | Incluye figuras, tablas y anexos. | spa |
dc.description.abstract | Los briófitos, especialmente musgos y hepáticas, son plantas no vasculares que han sido ampliamente estudiados como bioindicadores de contaminación urbana ya que, por deposición atmosférica, húmeda y seca, retienen en sus tejidos gran cantidad de contaminantes producto de la actividad antrópica. Se realizó un muestreo de musgos y hepáticas presentes en la ciudad de Villavicencio departamento del Meta (Colombia), con el fin de analizar la variabilidad espacial de las concentraciones de plomo retenidas en el tejido vegetal. Se estableció un muestreo en 59 puntos a lo largo de la ciudad, agrupándolos en cuatro zonas según su actividad principal; vías principales, comerciales, residenciales y seminaturales. El material vegetal fue identificado taxonómicamente hasta el nivel de género y para el análisis de plomo se tomó una muestra compuesta de los briófitos de cada punto sin discriminar género, sometiéndolas a la digestión por el método EPA 3050B con espectrometría de absorción atómica con llama y en horno de grafito. Entre los resultados de la identificación taxonómica se encontró que los géneros de musgos más representativos fueron Fabronia (Fabroniaceae) y Calymperes (Calymperaceae) y en el caso de las hepáticas Frullania (Frullaniaceae) y Lejeunea (Lejeuneaceae). Las zonas de vías principales y comerciales presentaron las mayores concentraciones promedio de plomo de 12.62 mg/Kg y 20.69 mg/Kg, respectivamente, estas zonas se caracterizaron por un alto flujo vehicular y oferta de servicios de mecánica automotriz que no cuentan con sistemas de gestión de residuos propios de la actividad (solventes, combustibles, grasas, soldadura, aceites y pinturas). La comparación de las varianzas de las zonas estudiadas se realizó con los test estadísticos ANDEVA y Kruskall-Wallis arrojando valores p de 0.0028<0.05 y 0.0046<0.05, respectivamente, lo cual indicó diferencias significativas entre las zonas comerciales y residenciales en ambos casos. Se aplicó el factor de contaminación (CF) del cual se obtuvo una categoría máxima de C6 o extremamente contaminado en los barrio San Benito y 01. Finalmente, las concentraciones halladas en el tejido vegetal de briófitos indican una biodisponibiliadad del plomo alta en comparación con otros estudios similares realizados en varios países alrededor del mundo. Implementar monitoreos utilizando este tipo de organismos en Colombia, debe convertirse en una estrategia de gestión ambiental en sistemas urbanos, garantizando la mitigación de riesgos para la salud humana y de los sistemas naturales asociados. | spa |
dc.description.abstract | Briophytes, specially mosses and liverworts, are nonvascular plants that has been widely used as biomonitors of urban contamination as they by atmosferic deposition, wet and dry, retain a large amount of contaminants in their tissues, product of antropic activity. The sampling of briophytes present in the city of Villavicencio department of Meta (Colombia) was carried out whit the aim of analise the spatial variability of lead concentrations retained in vegetal tissue. A sampling in 59 sites across the city was stablished, grouped in 4 zones according it principal activity; principal ways, comercial, residential and semi-natural. The vegetal material was identified taxonomically up to genus level and for the lead analisis a sample composed of briophytes from each site without discriminate genus, subjecting to digestion by the EPA 3050B method with flame atomic apsortion spectrometry and in graphite furnace. Among the outcomes from the taxonomic identification was found the most representative genera in mosses were Fabronia (Fabroniaceae) and Calymperes (Calymperaceae) and in the liverworts case Frullania (Frullaniaceae) and Lejeunea (Lejeunaceae). Principal ways and comercial zones present the higher lead concentrations and it were characterized by high vehicular flow and automotive services offert that doesn’t count with a waste management system for the activity (solvents, fuels, greases, welding, oils and paints). The comparison of variences from de studied zones was carried out with the ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis tests giving p values to 0.0028<0.05 and 0.0046<0.05, respectively, indicating significant diferences among comercial and residencial zones in both cases. The contamination factor was applied obtenning a maximun category of C6 or extremely contaminated in the San Benito and 01 neighbourhood. Finally, the concentrations found in the vegetal tessues indicate a high biodisponibility of lead in comparicion with another similar studies carried out in several countries around the world. Implement the usage of this kind of organisms in Colombia, should turn in to a strategy of enviromental management in urban systems, guaranteeing the mitigation of risk for the human healt and natural associated systems. | eng |
dc.description.degreelevel | Pregrado | |
dc.description.degreename | Biólogo | |
dc.description.notes | Trabajo de grado presentado como requisito parcial para optar al título de Biólogo. | spa |
dc.description.tableofcontents | Capitulo 1: Informe Final. -- Capitulo 2: Artículo científico resultado de investigación. | spa |
dc.format.extent | 86 páginas | |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
dc.identifier.citation | Zapata Muñoz, Yair L. (2017). Variabilidad espacial del plomo (PB) en el municipio de Villavicencio usando musgos y hepáticas como medio para evaluar la calidad ambiental [Trabajo de grado Universidad de los Llanos]. Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos. | |
dc.identifier.instname | Universidad de los Llanos | |
dc.identifier.reponame | Repositorio digital Universidad de los Llanos | |
dc.identifier.repourl | https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.unillanos.edu.co/handle/001/4952 | |
dc.language.iso | spa | |
dc.publisher | Universidad de los Llanos | |
dc.publisher.branch | Sede Barcelona | |
dc.publisher.faculty | Facultad de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería | |
dc.publisher.place | Villavicencio | |
dc.publisher.program | Biología | |
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dc.rights | Derechos reservados - Universidad de los Llanos, 2017 | spa |
dc.rights.accessrights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
dc.rights.coar | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |
dc.rights.license | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) | |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | |
dc.subject.proposal | Briofitos | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Contaminación urbana | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Plomo | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Gestión ambiental | spa |
dc.subject.proposal | Bryophytes | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Urban contamination | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Lead | eng |
dc.subject.proposal | Enviromental management | eng |
dc.title | Variabilidad espacial del plomo (PB) en el municipio de Villavicencio usando musgos y hepáticas como medio para evaluar la calidad ambiental | spa |
dc.type | Trabajo de grado - Pregrado | |
dc.type.category | Proyectos de investigación | |
dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f | |
dc.type.coarversion | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |
dc.type.content | Text | |
dc.type.driver | info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis | |
dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion | |
dspace.entity.type | Publication |
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