SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 1 ABSTRACT BOOK SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting 17–20 September 2023 | Montevideo, Uruguay “Cutting-Edge Knowledge and Technologies for Environmental Health Management and Research” SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 2 SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 3 Abstract Book SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Table of Contents About SETAC ................................................................. 5 Meeting Supporters ........................................................ 6 Program Committee and Board of Directors .................. 7 Meeting Program ............................................................ 8 Session Information ...................................................... 13 Platform Presentations ................................................. 14 Poster Presentations .................................................. 277 Author Index ............................................................... 736 This book comprises the abstracts of the presentations for the platform and poster sessions of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting, conducted from 17–20 September 2023 in Montevideo, Uruguay. The abstracts are reproduced as accepted by the Scientific Program Committee and appear in numerical order. In each abstract, the presenting author’s name is underlined. The author index cross-references the corresponding abstract numbers. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 4 No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, stored, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording or other electronic or mechanical methods, without permission in writing from the copyright holder. All rights reserved. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or for the purpose or internal use of specific clients, may be granted by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), provided that the appropriate fee is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA (+1 978 750 8400) or to SETAC. 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Direct inquiries to SETAC, 712 H Street NE, Suite 1889, Washington, DC 20002, USA. © 2023 Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 5 About SETAC The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), with offices in North America and Europe, is a not-for- profit, worldwide professional organization composed of more than 16,000 researchers, students, and expert practitioners from universities, institutions, governmental authorities, businesses, and nongovernmental organizations as well as 85 partner organizations in more than 90 countries dedicated to advancing environmental science and environmental management. Specific goals of the society are: • Promote research, education and training in the environmental sciences • Promote the systematic application of all relevant scientific disciplines to the evaluation of chemical hazards • Participate in the scientific interpretation of issues concerned with hazard assessment and risk analysis • Support the development of ecologically acceptable practices and principles • Provide a forum (meetings and publications) for communication among professionals in government, business, academia and other segments of society involved in the use, protection and management of our environment These goals are pursued through the conduct of numerous activities, which include: • Conduct meetings with study and workshop sessions, platform and poster presentations, and achievement and merit awards • Publish peer-reviewed scientific journals, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (ET&C) and Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (IEAM), as well as electronic newsletters and special technical publications • Provide funds for education and training through the SETAC grants program • Organize and sponsor chapters and branches to provide a forum for the presentation of scientific data and for the interchange and study of information about local and regional concerns • Provide advice and counsel to technical and nontechnical persons through a number of standing and ad hoc committees For further information, contact the Pensacola office if you are in Latin America, Asia-Pacific or North America, or the Brussels office if you are in Europe or Africa. 712 H Street NE, Suite 1889 Washington, DC, 20002 USA T +1 202 677 3001 E setac@setac.org Avenue des Arts, 53 B-1000 Brussels, Belgium T +32 2 772 72 81 E setaceu@setac.org www.setac.org Environmental Quality Through Science Meeting Supporters Platinum Supporters Gold Supporters Silver Supporters Bronze Supporters CloverStrategy SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 6 SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 7 Program Committee Chair Diana Míguez, LATU Foundation, Laboratorio Tecnológico del Uruguay Vice Chair Javier García Alonso, CURE Maldonado, Universidad de la República (UdelaR) Uruguay Core Team and Local Committee Amalia Laborde, CIAT, Faculty of Medicine, UdelaR Uruguay Carla Kruk, CURE Rocha, UdelaR Uruguay Wilner Martínez López, IIBCE, Uruguay Lucía Pareja, Cenur Litoral Norte sede Paysandú, UdelaR Uruguay SETAC Latin America Board of Directors President Julie Brodeur, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina Immediate Past President Fabiana L. Lo Nostro, Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Argentina Vice President Mariana Artal, Syngenta, Brazil Board Members Nedia Ghisi, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Brazil Juan Pina, Albaugh, Argentina Jhon Lopez-Perea, Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó, Colombia Daniela Aran, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Student Representative Filipe Godoi, Univeridade de São Paulo, Vice Student Representative Representing the World Council Ana Cione, Syngenta, Brazil Representing SETAC Argentina Karina Miglioranza, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - CONICET, Argentina Representing SETAC Brazil Camila Martins, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Brazil Representing SETAC Chile Gustavo Chiang Rojas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Chile SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 8 MEETING PROGRAM SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 9 Meeting Program | Sunday, 17 September Time (UYT) Program Room 9:00–13:00 Chemical Management Symposium (Registered participants only) Auditorium Training Course 1 - Eco-innovation and the Transition to the Circular Economy CANCELLED Training Course 2 - Biomarkers as Tools for Ecotoxicological Studies in Sentinel Species in Latin America L201 Training Course 3 - Development of Adverse Outcome Pathway L203 Training Course 4 - Environmental Monitoring and Remediation: Study of Environmental Contaminants and Evaluation of Effects by Ecotoxicity Bioassays L101 Training Course 5 - Modeling Tools in Assessing Pesticide Exposure to Ground and Surface Water L207 Training Course 6 - Plastic Pollution, Chemicals and Their Impacts: From Macro to Microplastics Analysis L204 13:00–14:00 Break 14:00–18:00 Chemical Management Symposium (Registered participants only) Auditorium Training Course 7 - O uso do bioindicador Allium cepa em ensaios de citogenotoxicidade de xenobiontes e de amostras ambientais L105 Training Course 8 - Using Fish for Monitoring Multiple Stressors in Aquatic Systems L208 Training Course 9 - Ecological Risk Assessment of Contaminated Land L205 Training Course 10 - Chemical, Analytical and Ecotoxicological Tools to Assure Sustainability of Agroecosystems L206 Training Course 11 - Implementation of Alternative Methods to the Use of Laboratory Animals in Safety Studies of Products for Human Use and Agrochemicals L202 19:00–20:00 Opening Ceremony Speaker Room 20:00–21:00 Cocktail Party Reception and Show SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 10 Meeting Program | Monday, 18 September Time (UYT) Program Room 9:00–10:30 1A - Environmental Risk Assessment | Julie Brodeur, Ximena Patino, Carla Pozzi Speaker Room 6A - Emerging Contaminants and Environmental Remediation: Monitoring of Effects by Ecotoxicological Bioassays | Jairo Lisbo Rodrigues, Márcia Cristina da Silva Faria Auditorium 25A - Toxic Cyanobacterial Blooms: Causes of a Growing Problem | Carla Kruk, Claudia Piccini Orquideas 23A - Planetary Health: Chemical Pollution as Driver for Loss of Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity | Hennert Hollert, Francisco Sylvester CoWork 15A - Toxic Metal and Metalloids Pollution in Surface and Groundwater Hydric Resources | Paula Collazo, Valerie Buhl Camelia 10:30–11:00 Break Showroom 11:00–12:30 1B - Environmental Risk Assessment | Julie Brodeur, Ximena Patino, Carla Pozzi Speaker Room 6B - Emerging Contaminants and Environmental Remediation: Monitoring of Effects by Ecotoxicological Bioassays | Jairo Lisbo Rodrigues, Márcia Cristina da Silva Faria Auditorium 25B - Toxic Cyanobacterial Blooms: Causes of a Growing Problem | Carla Kruk, Claudia Piccini Orquideas 23B - Planetary Health: Chemical Pollution as Driver for Loss of Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity | Hennert Hollert, Francisco Sylvester CoWork 15B - Toxic Metal and Metalloids Pollution in Surface and Groundwater Hydric Resources | Paula Collazo, Valerie Buhl Camelia 12:40–13:40 Lunch Showroom Bayer Sponsored Seminar Orquideas Universidad Montevideo Sponsored Seminar Camelia General Student Assembly Auditorium 12:40–13:40 Plenary: Santiago Mirazo, “One Health Paradigm for Pandemic Preparedness in the Anthropocene Era” Speaker Room 14:45–16:15 16A - Microplastics | Nedia Ghisi, Lorena M. Rios Mendoza, Carlos M. Alonso Hernandez Speaker Room 14A - Nanomaterials | Marta Margarete Cestari, Roberto Martins, Jimena Cazenave Auditorium 26A - Cutting-edge Monitoring Technologies for Health Protection | Ignacio Rodriguez Jorquera, Andrea Waichman Orquideas 13 - Detection, Toxicity and Environmental Risk of UV Filters and Cosmetic Ingredients in Aquatic Ecosystems | Carys L. Mitchelmore, Charles A. Menzie Camelia SETAC CHEM PANEL Horizon Scanning CoWork 16:15–16:45 Break Showroom 16:45–18:15 16B - Microplastics | Nedia Ghisi, Lorena M. Rios Mendoza, Carlos M. Alonso Hernandez Speaker Room 14B - Nanomaterials | Marta Margarete Cestari, Roberto Martins, Jimena Cazenave Auditorium 26B - Cutting-edge Monitoring Technologies for Health Protection | Ignacio Rodriguez Jorquera, Andrea Waichman Orquideas 18 - Development and Acceptance of New Methodological Approaches (NAMs) in Latin America | Juan Ignacio Pina, María Laura Gutiérrez, Ana Cione Camelia Risk Assessment Certification Program Presentation CoWork 18:15–19:45 Poster Session Showroom SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 11 Meeting Program | Tuesday, 19 September Time (UYT) Program Room 9:00–10:30 1C - Environmental Risk Assessment | Julie Brodeur, Ximena Patino, Carla Pozzi Speaker Room 7A - Tracking Primary Pollutants and Their Toxicologically Relevant Transformation Products | George P. Cobb, Karina Miglioranza, John Giesy Auditorium 4A - Wildlife Ecotoxicology | Jhon Jairo López Perea, Laura Addy Orduna, Maria Belen Poliserpi Orquideas 3 - Advances in Genotoxicity Biomarkers Application in Latin America | Maria Fernanda Simoniello, Sonia Soloneski Camelia 12A - Tropical Ecosystem Health Assessment: Effects of Contaminants on Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems | Paola Calle, Frank Von Hippel, Gustavo Dominguez CoWork 10:30–11:00 Break Showroom 11:00–12:30 1D - Environmental Risk Assessment | Julie Brodeur, Ximena Patino, Carla Pozzi Speaker Room 7B - Tracking Primary Pollutants and Their Toxicologically Relevant Transformation Products | George P. Cobb, Karina Miglioranza, John Giesy Auditorium 4B - Wildlife Ecotoxicology | Jhon Jairo López Perea, Laura Addy Orduna, Maria Belen Poliserpi Orquideas 8 - Environmental Mutagenesis in Exposed Populations | Juliana Da Silva, Gisela Poletta Camelia 12B - Tropical Ecosystem Health Assessment: Effects of Contaminants on Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems | Paola Calle, Frank Von Hippel, Gustavo Dominguez CoWork 12:40–13:40 Plenary: Prakash Hande, “Environmental Toxicogenomics: Approaches to Analyzing Biological Consequences of Environmental Toxicant” Speaker Room 13:40–14:40 Lunch, Lunch With Mentors Showroom Syngenta Sponsored Seminar Orquideas LATU Sponsored Seminar Auditorium Group Photo During Lunch Showroom 14:45–16:15 16C - Microplastics | Nedia Ghisi, Lorena M. Rios Mendoza, Carlos M. Alonso Hernandez Speaker Room 2A - Research and Management Approaches to Achieve a Balance Between Food Production and Nature Conservation - How to Conserve Biodiversity in an Agricultural Context? | Evaldo Vilela, Jose Ricardo Cure, Maria Teresa Almanza Auditorium 21A - Nature-based Solutions for Remediation and Restoration of Water Quality | Helena Cristina Silva de Assis, Fabiana Lo Nostro Orquideas 5 - Challenges and Strategies for Linking Adverse Effects to Endocrine Activity to Identify Endocrine Disruptors | Diana Miguez, Steven Levine Camelia 16:15–16:45 Break Showroom 16:45–18:15 16D - Microplastics | Nedia Ghisi, Lorena M. Rios Mendoza, Carlos M. Alonso Hernandez Speaker Room 2B - Research and Management Approaches to Achieve a Balance Between Food Production and Nature Conservation - How to Conserve Biodiversity in an Agricultural Context? | Evaldo Vilela, Jose Ricardo Cure, Maria Teresa Almanza Auditorium 21B - Nature-based Solutions for Remediation and Restoration of Water Quality | Helena Cristina Silva de Assis, Fabiana Lo Nostro Orquideas 10 - Understanding Contamination Threats to Amphibians and Reptiles of Latin America to Promote Their Conservation | Julie Brodeur, Guillermo S. Natale Camelia Mate-Debate (students) CoWork 18:15–19:45 Poster Session Showroom SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 12 Meeting Program | Wednesday, 20 September Time (UYT) Program Room 9:00–10:30 9A - Aquatic Ecotoxicology: Test System & New Approaches | Juan Manuel Perez Iglesias, Leticia Peluso Speaker Room 20A - Environmental Assessment of Pesticides for Soil Organisms in Latin America | Cintia Carla Niva, Clara Wandenkolck Silva Aragão, Gregor Ernst Auditorium 24 - Impacts of the Expansion of Anthropic Activities on Water Quality and Biota in the Amazon and Pantanal Biomes | Bruno do Amaral Crispim, Lucilene Finoto Viana Orquideas 27 - Advances and Challenges in the Analysis of Toxicity and Environmental Data: Statistics, Models, Databases, Index, and Risk Assessment | Lidwina Bertrand, Fernando Gastón Iturburu Camelia 10:30–11:00 Break Showroom 11:00–12:30 9B - Aquatic Ecotoxicology: Test System & New Approaches | Juan Manuel Perez Iglesias, Leticia Peluso Speaker Room 20B - Environmental Assessment of Pesticides for Soil Organisms in Latin America | Cintia Carla Niva, Clara Wandenkolck Silva Aragão, Gregor Ernst Auditorium 17 - Biological Consequences of the Environmental Radiation Exposure | Prakash Hande, Rosario Odino, Wilner Martínez-López Orquideas 11 - Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling: Applications in Biopharmaceutics, Precision Dosing and Toxicokinetic Predictions | Pietro Fagiolino, Manuel Ibarra, Alan Talevi Camelia Women in Science CoWork 12:40–13:40 Lunch Showroom Agilent Sponsored Seminar Orquideas General Assembly Auditorium 13:40–14:40 Plenary: Karla Pozo, “Plastic Pollution, Chemicals and Their Impacts: From Macro to Microplastics” Speaker Room 14:45–16:15 Poster Session Showroom 16:30–17:30 Plenary: Henner Hollert, “Environmental Impacts of Chemicals – Beyond the Planetary Guardrails” Speaker Room 17:30–until Closing Ceremony and Awards Speaker Room SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 13 Sessions 01 Environmental Risk Assessment 02 Research and Management Approaches to Achieve a Balance Between Food Production and Nature Conservation 03 Advances in Genotoxicity Biomarkers Application in Latin America 04 Wildlife Ecotoxicology 05 Challenges and Strategies for Linking Adverse Effects to Endocrine Activity to Identify Endocrine Disruptors 06 Emerging Contaminants and Environmental Remediation: Monitoring of Effects by Ecotoxicological Bioassays 07 Tracking Primary Pollutants and Their Toxicologically Relevant Transformation Products 08 Environmental Mutagenesis in Human Populations 09 Aquatic Ecotoxicology: Test System and New Approaches 10 Understanding Contamination Threats to Amphibians and Reptiles of Latin America to Promote Their Conservation 11 Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling 12 Tropical Ecosystem Health Assessment: Effects of Contaminants on Marine and Estuarine Ecosystems 13 Detection, Toxicity and Environmental Risk of UV Filters and Cosmetic Ingredients in Aquatic Ecosystems 14 Nanomaterials 15 Toxic Metal and Metalloids Pollution in Surface and Groundwater Hydric Resources 16 Microplastics 17 Biological Consequences of the Environmental Radiation Exposure 18 Development and Acceptance of New Methodological Approaches (NAMs) in Latin America 20 Environmental Assessment of Pesticides for Soil Organisms in Latin America 21 Nature-Based Solutions for Remediation and Restoration of Water Quality 22 Eco-Economy: New Economies for Sustainability 23 Planetary Health: Chemical Pollution as Driver for Loss of Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity 24 Impacts of the Expansion of Anthropic Activities on Water Quality and Biota in the Amazon and Pantanal Biomes 25 Toxic Cyanobacterial Blooms: Causes of a Growing Problem 26 Cutting-Edge Monitoring Technologies for Health Protection 27 Advances and Challenges in the Analysis of Toxicity and Environmental Data 28 Late-Breaking Science Posters Presentation IDs The scientific program is organized by sessions. Within each session, presentations are organized by oral (O) or poster (P) presentation type and which day they were presented. 1A.O-Mo-1 Session: 1A O for Oral Mo for Monday SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 14 PLATFORM PRESENTATIONS SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 15 Session 1: Environmental Risk Assessment 1A.O-Mo-1 Waterborne Toxicity on Neotropical Invertebrates and Hazard of Cigarette Butt Leachates to Marine Environments Lucas Buruaem Moreira1, Wanessa Gentil Mandelli1, Rodrigo Brasil Choueri1, Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa2, Ítalo Braga Castro1 1Instituto do Mar da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Imar UNIFESP), Brazil. 2Núcleo de Estudos em Poluição e Ecotoxicologia Aquática da Universidade Estadual Paulista (NEPEA, UNESP), Brazil Abstract Cigarette butts (CB) are the most common litter on beaches worldwide and are known to contain a complex mixture of chemicals in their composition. Once released into water, CBs decomposition begins, releasing contaminants generated during smoking and retained in filters, which may have an increased toxic potential. Given the recent interest in this emerging problem, it is essential to assess the toxicity of CBs leachates to a range of species from different regions and with different sensitivities and ecological traits. In this study, the waterborne toxicity of smoked CBs leachates to tropical invertebrates was evaluated in the context of Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) in coastal and marine environments. Leachates of smoked cigarettes were prepared in the laboratory and characterized for trace elements (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb), ammonia nitrogen, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Then, a set of toxicity tests with marine invertebrates was performed and both acute and chronic effects of samples were determined. In summary, the main toxicity metrics were: the brine shrimp Artemia sp. (nontoxic); the amphipod Tiburonella viscana (LC50 of 0.038 CB.L-1); the tanaid Monokalliapseudes schubarti (LC50 of 0.126 CB.L-1); the copepods Tisbe biminiensis (EC50 of 0.038 CB.L-1) and Nitokra sp (EC50 of 0.009 CB.L-1); pluteus stage larvae of the sea urchin Echinometra lucunter (EC50 of 0.152 CB.L-1) and the sand dollar Mellita quinquiesperforata (EC50 of 0.054 CB.L-1), and D-stage larvae of the mussel Perna perna (EC50 of 0.005 CB.L-1). A hazard assessment was performed by means of Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSD), producing an HC5 (hazardous concentration that affects 5% of the species of a community) of 0.019 CB.L- 1.This is proposed as a preliminary threshold for the toxic effects of CB leachates on marine biota for further evaluations. The results of this study contribute to the advancement of knowledge about the contamination, toxicity, and ecological risks of cigarette residues in coastal environments. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 16 1A.O-Mo-2 PAH Contamination in Sediments and Biota Following the 2019/2020 Brazilian Oil Spill: Implications for Human Health and the Environment Mariana de Freitas, Tatiane Combi, Ana Cecília Albergaria-Barbosa Federal University of Bahia, Brazil Abstract Petroleum is an essential element of modern society, serving as a primary energy source and used in numerous products, including plastics, tires, and asphalt. It consists of various hydrocarbon groups, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which can be hazardous to humans and the environment, potentially causing endocrine disorders, neurological problems, and cancer. Oil spills can be a source of PAHs in the environment, and when they occur, they can have environmental, social, and economic effects, as seen in previous incidents (e.g., Spain, South Korea, and USA). In late 2019, oil from an unknown source began appearing along several locations on Brazil's NE coast, with tons of oil continuing to appear on beaches, estuaries, and mangroves until the beginning of 2020. The goal of this study is to determine the bioaccumulation of PAHs from sediment to biota in a mangrove in the south of Bahia state, near the traditional fishing community of Belmonte. This study will also assess the health risks related to the consumption of the marine bivalves Mytella guyanense, Crassostrea rhizophorae, and Anomalocardia flexuosa. The samples were collected in February 2021 and freeze-dried before chemical analysis. The extraction was performed with ultrasound for sediments and with Accelerated Sample Extraction (ASE) for biota. The 16 priority PAHs were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (GC-MS/MS). The average sediment PAH levels were 174.74 ± 8.70 ng g-1, which is lower than those found in previous studies following oil spills in Spain after the Prestige in 2002 and South Korea after the Hebei Spirit in 2007. The ∑16 priority PAHs in biota were 515.24 ng g-1 for the M. guyanense, 176.17 ng g-1 for C. rhizophorae), and 229.29 ng g-1 for the A. flexuosa. These organisms live directly associated with mangrove sediments or roots, presenting a low metabolism which can result in accumulation in their soft tissues. The bioaccumulation factor, carcinogenic potential, daily dietary intake, and incremental lifetime cancer risk were calculated to assess the potential risks of consuming these bivalves, which are commonly used in regional cuisine. All samples showed medium to high risk of cancer development over the years. To comprehend the potential long-term risks and impacts of the oil spill, as well as the susceptibility of the local population, continued monitoring of the sediments and bivalves in the region is necessary. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 17 1A.O-Mo-3 Comparing Toxicological Data of Three Stingless Bee Species With Honeybees for Pesticide Risk Assessments Helen Thompson1, Gustavo Santos2, Ana Cione2 1Syngenta, United Kingdom. 2Syngenta Proteção de Cultivos, Brazil Abstract The study conducted by Lourencetti et al. in 2023 published in Environmental Pollution, presents an analysis of the acute oral toxicity of thiamethoxam to stingless bees, comparing it with published data for honeybees (Apis mellifera). The authors concluded that A. mellifera is less sensitive to thiamethoxam than stingless bees and, therefore, not representative in bee risk assessment. However, the derivation of the acute oral toxicity of thiamethoxam to A. mellifera by Lourencetti et al. has significant errors that raise critical concerns about the conclusions of the paper. Lourencetti et al. calculated the acute oral toxicity of thiamethoxam to A. mellifera using a concentration from one study and a mean consumption value of untreated sucrose from a different study, rather than measuring consumption directly, which resulted in an incorrect value. Furthermore, the bodyweight of honeybees used by Lourencetti et al. was significantly lower than the widely accepted values. There are numerous publications on the acute oral toxicity of thiamethoxam to A. mellifera that follow the OECD guideline cited by Lourencetti et al. These studies identify the acute oral LD50 of thiamethoxam to A. mellifera as 5 ng/bee, which is 43-fold lower than the value used by Lourencetti et al. By replacing the values used by Lourencetti et al. with the correct values, a very different conclusion is drawn about the relative sensitivity of the species. The sensitivity of A. mellifera is similar to that of Melipona scutellaris and 6 to 8-fold greater than those of Tetragonisca angustula and Scaptotrigona postica. Risk assessment of the toxicity of thiamethoxam also depends on the exposure level of the bees. Using the daily consumption data to indicate relative exposure suggests nectar consumption is lower for the three species of stingless bees than for A. mellifera. Risk assessments in Brazil are based on far greater assumed consumption by honeybees, and, therefore, are likely to be protective of species of similar or lower sensitivity to thiamethoxam consuming lower amounts of nectar. In conclusion, the errors in the cited acute oral LD50 for A. mellifera in the study by Lourencetti et al. mean that the subsequent discussion and conclusions on both sensitivity and risk assessment are flawed. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 18 1A.O-Mo-4 Developing Regulatory Risk Assessment Schemes for Birds and Mammals for Agrochemicals in Latin America: Importance of Country Agronomic Practice Juan Pascual1, Leticia Scopel Camargo Carniel2, Ximena Patino3, Joachim Nopper1 1BASF SE, Germany. 2BASF S.A., Brazil. 3Bayer S.A., Colombia Abstract As described in the joint platform presentation submitted by Pascual et al., the EFSA approach as a whole is very much targeted on the conditions of the European Union (EU) territory. Many of such conditions are largely different in LATAM countries and therefore, any adoption of such scheme in LATAM should first evaluate and consider key differences. The agronomic conditions are not the same in all LATAM countries due to the large differences across this large continent. Our presentation will focus on Brazil, with a rich, diverse, and very important agriculture. There are major parameters that differ between the Brazilian and EU agricultural landscapes and conditions: field size and landscape structure (presence of natural habitats), crop diversity and crop cycles, pests and diseases pressure (agrochemical use) and agrochemical application methods. Brazil has a large surface area of truly natural ecosystems with very rich fauna diversity, some interspaced with agroecosystems. In the EU, such scenario does not exist as the agroecosystem landscapes are fully man-made and bird and mammal much less diverse. The size of the fields in Brazil are extremely large in some cases (thousands of hectares) while in the EU are much smaller. This has an important implication on the in-crop/off-crop scenarios for the risk assessment (RA). Brazil has tropical or sub-tropical conditions while the EFSA approach is developed for a temperate climate and agriculture, which leads to major differences with Brazil’s agriculture. Climate conditions and shorter crop cycles imply that the pest and diseases pressure in Brazil require in some cases a more frequent and higher use of agrochemicals than in Europe. The particularity of Brazilian agriculture entails application methods, like aerial applications, that are practically ruled out in Europe. In our platform presentation, we would provide data underpinning the differences between the EU and Brazilian agricultural landscape and outline ideas that could be considered when developing a regulatory risk assessment scheme for birds and mammals in Brazil or other LATAM countries. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 19 1A.O-Mo-5 Ecological Risk Assessment to Soil Organisms – How to Advance in a Tiered Approach? Leticia Scopel Carniel1, Tiago Natal-da-Luz2,3, Osmar Klauberg-Filho4, Julia Niemeyer5, Frank Staab6, Jose Paulo Sousa3 1BASF SA, Brazil. 2CloverStrategy Lda, Portugal. 3University of Coimbra, Portugal. 4UDESC, Brazil. 5UFSC - Campus Curitibanos, Brazil. 6BASF SE, Germany Abstract The Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) must be appropriately protective, consistent, practical, and cost- effective. To fulfil an ERA procedure considering effects of Plant Protection Products (PPPs) to non-target organisms, the tiered approach is usually used where the realism is increased, and conservatism reduced in a stepwise approach. For in-soil organisms, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA, 2017) highlighted some open points in this context: between the lower tier (based on lab studies and conservative exposure as a worse case scenario) and the higher tier (realistic, complex, expensive field studies with heterogenous data) there is a need for additional intermediate tier options or even some refinements, e.g., mitigations that could embrace different agricultural practices – to fill the gap. Among the methods already proposed, we can find the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) curve as an option for the intermediate tier. In fact, this approach is currently used to refine ERA for aquatic organisms- however, for in-soil fauna, there are still open questions. Even though SSD methodology has many scientific advantages (transparency to stakeholders; versatility to choose percentiles and confidence limits), it is not easily applied to the edaphic fauna. It requires some fundamental work and more data (as indicated by many authors), to achieve a standardized and agreed approach (including statistics). Community tests, another methodology which is often mentioned, are still under development with remaining challenges to solve. Nevertheless, the intermediate tiers can be helpful to complement the ERA in soil and the current options are presented and summarized. In addition, other methods already mentioned in the literature that could be useful for discussion could be advancing in tests with natural soils and the multigeneration tests, already performed with Collembola. It is also fundamental to discuss the already available good agricultural practices, especially on tropical countries under the consideration of the high-level performance in agriculture (e.g., Brazil) – they are good allies in keeping soil healthy, meeting the protection goals criteria, and contributing for a sustainable and economical food production. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 20 1A.O-Mo-6 Protecting the Environment by Developing Aquatic Risk Assessment and Management Tools for Latin America Ximena Patino1, Amy Ritter2, Richard Franklin3 1Bayer SA, Colombia. 2Waterborne Environmental, USA. 3Croplife Latin America, Andean Region, Colombia Abstract The first talks on pesticide risk assessment in Latin America date back to the 90s, but it was only until 2002 that the Andean community settled on a framework for performing environmental risk assessments within the registration process of pesticides. Since then both regulators and industry have spent efforts to improve the scientific basis for aquatic exposure assessments for plant protection products in the Andean countries. In 2017 CropLife Latin America engaged in the development of two aquatic models with support of Waterborne Environmental: The Andean Aquatic Screening Tool, and the Andean Pesticide Exposure Simulation Tool ANDES. This presentation provides an overview of the collaboration between industry, the environmental agencies from Peru and Colombia and Waterborne when generating the local exposure scenarios for banana, plantain, potato, tomato, coffee, maize, asparagus, avocado, grapes, dry and paddy rice crops and implementation of mitigation measures within both tools. Effective mitigation measures are critical to ensure the environmental safety of plant protection products, but it is also as important that regulatory Risk Assessment schemes consider such tools in order to reach the common goal of helping to protect the environment and improve agricultural practice in Latin America. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 21 SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 22 1B.O-Mo-1 Exploring Relationships between Environmental Risk Factors linked to socioeconomical activities and Human Health in a Suburban agricultural Population of Cochabamba, Bolivia Liliana A. Caceres Sanchez1,2, Alessandra Acosta Rivero1, Alisson Mishelle Salazar Aramayo1, Carla Jheraldine Saavedra Tellez1, Paul d’Abzac3 1Universidad Católica Boliviana San Pablo, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías (CICEI), Bolivia, Plurinational State of. 2Coordinación de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Valle UNIVALLE, Bolivia, Plurinational State of. 3Universidad Católica Boliviana San Pablo, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías (CICEI), Bolivia, Bolivia, Plurinational State of Abstract Human health is mainly influenced by social and economic factors, geographical location and physical environment. In suburban communities of Cochabamba, Bolivia, living conditions are considered unhealthy (e.g. lack of basic services, inefficient waste management), increasing health vulnerability. As for other developing countries, farming in Bolivia is mostly carried out in a rudimentary way, leading to an increased risk of exposure to harmful chemicals. Understanding key factors that influence health in suburban areas communities is a necessity for public policies aimed to improve health quality of these populations. The current study analysed environmental exposure related to social characteristics and economic activity as risk factor for human health in La Maica, Cochabamba, Bolivia, a suburban community mostly dedicated to farming and cattle. The main data were collected through familial and individual surveys to the members of 237 families. The results confirm that the main economic activity of La Maica is farming. Local fumigation is a recurring activity in which children and adolescents are also involved. It appeared that the level of knowledge about the use and handling of pesticides is low; thus the community only use basic protection to pesticide exposure. On the other hand, there are no patterns that could aware of a public health problem neither in adults nor in children. Indeed, environment and health problems are not considered as major preoccupation for the families. Parents are unaware of their children's vaccination status, as well as children are unaware of their parents' health history. Since chronic exposure to environmental pollutants have cognitive consequences, the study focused on a smaller group considering this aspect in particular. Cognitive development was evaluated in 58 children from 4 to 7 years old using two tests for Spanish speakers (Peabody and Cumanin). The results of these tests reveal an association between low level of cognitive development and nonverbal neuropsychological maturity with different environmental risk parameters linked to the socioeconomic characteristics of families. Therefore, although major public health concerns cannot be evidenced in the community, the troubles in cognitive development observed in the children of the area are worrying considering that these troubles are not adequately diagnosed by the Bolivian public health system and can have an environmental origin. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 23 1B.O-Mo-2 Developing Regulatory Risk Assessment Schemes for Birds and Mammals for Agrochemicals in Latin America: Learnings From a Well-Established Scheme (EU Approach) Juan Pascual1, Steven Kragten2, Joachim Nopper1, Leticia Scopel Camargo Carniel3, Gustavo Souza Santos4 1BASF SE, Germany. 2Syngenta Agro GmbH, Germany. 3BASF S.A., Brazil. 4Syngenta Proteção de Cultivos Ltda, Brazil Abstract Regulatory authorities in several Latin American (LATAM) countries have been or are active on the revision or development of risk assessment (RA) schemes for birds and mammals for agrochemicals. Examples include the countries of the Andean Pact, Costa Rica and Brazil. Of the two well established RA schemes worldwide [(United States EPA and European Union (EU) Food Safety Agency, EFSA)], the EFSA approach was taken by Costa Rica and it seems to be the one that might be preferred by Brazil’s IBAMA. The EU RA schemes (EFSA Guidance Documents of 2009 and 2023) are based on a sustained long-term effort (started in 2006) by experts from authorities, academia, industry and contract laboratories and underpinned by abundant scientific information and data, which are specific to Europe. While their tiered-approach scheme is sound, its implementation is based on data hungry requirements and refinement approaches targeted for the local species and specific agricultural conditions in Europe. For this SETAC conference, two closely related are proposed. In this one, we would outline elements of the EFSA approach that could be suitable for any worldwide RA scheme and others which are primarily EU-driven and should be fully adapted to the fauna and agronomic characteristics of each country. The second one (see separate abstract) would cover some of the differences in the agronomic practice and use of agrochemicals between the EU and some LATAM countries (mainly Brazil). A fundamental principle of the EFSA approach is the definition of feeding guilds and different types of species (‘indicator’, ‘generic’ and ‘focal’ species) which, in the case of the EU, is based on the actual bird and mammal species in EU agroecosystems. The number of farmland bird and mammal species in EU countries is largely inferior to the numbers in tropical and sub-tropical LATAM countries, like Brazil (>1100 birds & >300 mammals, data from a recent IBAMA workshop in February 2023). Thus, the relevance of different species in LATAM countries should be substantially re-evaluated. Another crucial factor for the correct implementation of an EFSA-approach scheme is having adequate information on which species, and with which frequency, they use a particular crop at different growing stages. This proved to be a very time and effort consuming exercise in Europe. Other biological parameters influencing the scientific validity of the EFSA approach for LATAM will also be presented. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 24 1B.O-Mo-3 A Framework for Species Extrapolation from Standard Ecotoxicological Datasets Thomas G. Preuss, Vanessa Roeben, David Heckmann, Andre Gergs Bayer AG, Germany Abstract Environmental risk assessment is a procedure which has been implemented by many Latin American countries as a means to achieve their goal of protecting the local occurring biodiversity with all the species present in the country. In contrast toxicity data is in most cases only available for a few standard species, which can be tested in the laboratory and for which global testing guidelines are available by OECD. Therefore, one of the main challenges when performing an environmental risk assessment is to clarify how protective these standard species are for the local ones. Differences can occur due to intrinsic sensitivity (sensitivity at target site), differences in toxicokinetics (uptake, distribution and elimination) and exposure due to different behaviour (e.g. feeding patterns). Different methods to extrapolate from the standard species to focal species were evaluated and put into context for an overall extrapolation framework. Those includes empirical approaches like species-sensitivity distributions (SSDs), interspecies correlation estimation, critical body burden as well as mechanistic approaches like toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic modelling. If we base our extrapolation efforts on the traditional approach of animal toxicity studies like an acute daphnia or bee test it needs to be considered that a given endpoint from these studies will always merge the intrinsic sensitivity and the toxicokinetics. Therefore, a comparison of those endpoints is highly uncertain and often not a straightforward exercise. In addition, there remains the constraint that the empirical relationship cannot be extrapolated outside the calibration domain. These fundamental limitations result in the conclusion that SSDs are only valid for a given species-compound combination,and adding data for more species may change the outcome of an SSD. In contrast, mechanistic approaches like the critical body burden concept or the more sophisticated toxicokinetics-toxicodynamics modelling have the advantage to separate the toxicokinetics from the intrinsic sensitivity and will allow a much better basis for extrapolation. In this presentation we will present the framework and demonstrate the advantages of mechanistic modelling for species extrapolation for effects on pesticides for aquatic invertebrates, bees and birds. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 25 1B.O-Mo-4 Ecological Risk Assessment of a Contaminated Area due to a Pipeline Leak Mayrine Silva1, Simone Bernardes da Fontoura1, Dara Cruz1, Cibele Alice de Costa1, Fabrielle dos Reis2, Laiara Moreira2, Talita Pereira3, Sueli Caleffi4, Júlia Niemeyer1 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecossistemas Agrícolas e Naturais (PPGEAN), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus de Curitibanos, Brazil. 2Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus de Curitibanos, Brazil. 3CENPES/PETROBRAS, Brazil. 4PETROBRAS, Brazil Abstract The Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) emerges as a tool to assist decision-making for the management of contaminated sites around the world. The triad approach uses three lines of evidence (chemistry, ecotoxicological and ecological) for estimate the integrated risk. This work aimed to perform an ERA in a site contaminated by petroleum-derived substances, occasioned by a pipeline leak, as a study case under tropical conditions. Twenty-two sampling points (including a Reference Site) were evaluated for the terrestrial compartment; ten sampling points for groundwater and five for surface water and sediment, upstream and downstream of the affected stream. Lethality and avoidance tests with earthworms Eisenia andrei and lettuce germination (Lactuca sativa) were performed in phase 1 (screening). The aquatic compartment was evaluated with an immobility test of Daphnia similis. In phase 2, evaluations included reproduction tests with soil invertebrates of the species Folsomia candida and Enchytraeus crypticus, growth and biomass of L. sativa and of the arboreal species Mimosa scabrella (bracatinga); reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia with groundwater and sediments; and growth and biomass of Lemna minor with elutriates. As ecological evaluations in situ, the bait lamina test in soil and ecological evaluation of the benthic community in sediments were performed. All data were analyzed using the ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test (p<0.05), when the criteria of normality and homogeneity of variances were met; or using non-parametric statistics with the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's test (p<0.05). Chemical analysis detected hydrocarbons in soil deep layers and groundwater, but not at soil surface (0-20 cm). Ecotoxicity tests showed significant reduction of invertebrate’s reproduction and plant’s growth in points corresponding to the hotspot of the study area, related to some metals. Aquatic invertebrates indicated impairment in groundwater quality. In the stream, ecotoxicity tests and the benthic community indicated impairment of the water quality including upstream points, indicating anthropic influence not related with the pipeline leak. This work proved the effectiveness of using the triad approach for decision making in a petroleum contaminated site, disentangling a complex study case. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 26 1B.O-Mo-5 Trace Elements Trigger Values for Cu and Zn in Subtropical Brazilian Soils Thiago Freitas, Rafaela Peron, Miguel Dias, Mari Lucia Campos, Luis Oliveira Filho, Osmar Klauberg-Filho, Dilmar Baretta Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil Abstract Despite the reports on the negative effects of trace element pollution on soil bioindicators, differences in pedological characteristics observed between different soils motivate new evaluations. As a large number of studies in the field of ecotoxicology focus mainly on soils from the northern hemisphere, despite the fact that Brazil contains within its geographical limits the largest portion of important terrestrial biomes, evaluations of the implications of contamination of Brazilian soils are required in order to serve as a basis for decision making regarding the adoption of environmental preservation policies and management of contaminated areas. In this sense, contamination tests with copper (CuCl2; at 0; 25; 50; 75; 150; 300 and 600 mg kg-1) and zinc (ZnCl2; at 0; 25; 50; 75; 150; 300 and 600 mg kg-1) were conducted on a subtropical soil (Red- Yellow Ultisol; collected in Lauro Müller, Santa Catarina State) with three species of potworms (Enchytraeus crypticus, E. dudichi and E. bigeminus) according to the procedures listed in ISO 16387. The results indicate that the current legislation is not at all effective, since the effect concentrations (EC50) were sometimes lower than the critical limits established in the federal standard (60 mg kg-1 for copper and 300 mg kg-1 for zinc). From this perspective, there is an urgent need for the reevaluation of the legal provisions, especially the Resolution n. 420 of the National Council of the Environment (CONAMA). Such updates are possible by conducting ecotoxicological tests with bioindicators of soil quality and will be discussed considering the natural concentrations of chemical elements in the soil. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 27 1B.O-Mo-6 Run-off Mitigation in Exposure Modelling of Plant Protection Products Robin Sur1, Stefan Reichenberger2, Stephan Sittig3, Rafael Muñoz-Carpena4 1Bayer AG Crop Science, Germany. 2knoell, France. 3knoell, Germany. 4University of Florida, Gainesville, USA Abstract Surface runoff is an important transport pathway of eroded sediment and dissolved and particle-bound chemicals from agricultural fields. This results in the loss of fertile topsoil material, irrigation water, nutrients, and plant protection products (PPP) into adjacent surface water bodies, wetlands, or terrestrial habitats. Effective in-field and edge-of-field mitigation measures such as conservation tillage, micro-dams, cover crops, and vegetated filter strips can significantly reduce these off-site movement processes. This presentation will showcase latest model developments to predict the effectiveness for the reduction of pesticides due to edge-of-field measures by the mechanistic vegetated filter strip model VFSMOD and in- field measures by modifying USDA run-off curve numbers (RCN) and MUSS (version of Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation) erosion parameters in the run-off model PRZM. The latest version of VFSMOD contains three new features, i.e., the dynamic estimation of the median particle diameter to predict the retention of sediment, a mechanistic mass balance equation to quantify pesticide trapping, and a new remobilization and leaching algorithm for residues trapped in the filter strip. To quantify the effect of in-field measures (conservation tillage, micro-dams, cover crops) on the reduction of pesticides in run-off and erosion, this work demonstrates the derivation of RCN and the MUSS C-factor based on results from own field trials and comprehensive literature data with arable crops such as maize and potatoes. The implementation of these methods into the regulatory risk assessment for PPPs enables to operationalize and quantify the impact of run-off mitigation measures by determining the effect on EECs (Expected Environmental Concentration in surface water) calculated with the PWC (pesticide in water calculator) model suite. Finally, a brief outlook will be provided into the future of precision risk management at the scale of the individual field. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 28 1C.O-Tu-1 Environmental Risk Assessment of Chemicals used in Aquaculture in Chile: Progress and Challenges for the Future Ricardo O. Barra1, Maria Fernanda Saavedra1, Rodrigo Sanchez1, Felipe Tucca2 1Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA, Universidad de Concepción, Chile. 2Instituto Tecnológico del Salmón, Puerto Montt, Chile Abstract The Environmental Risk Assessment procedures for the use of chemicals in acquaculture were enacted in 2020 by the maritime authority (DIRECTEMAR) in Chile. Given the new requirements, based on a three tiered approach, a more rigorous process was established, starting with a hazardous properties step (i.e. mutagenic, carcinogenic, endocrine disruptors etc.), followed by a Persistence, Bioaccumulation and Toxicity (PBT) Assessment and finally an Environmental Risk assessment with an exposure and effects assessment part, the use of multimedia mass balance models adapted to the aquaculture use of different type of chemicals in the productive activity, such as pesticides, disinfectants, antibiotics, etc. for the predicted environmental concentrations (PEC) estimated after the normal use of chemicals under a worst case environmental scenario.The effects assessment is made considering local marine or freshwater species for the risk quotient calculations under deterministic and probabilistic methodologies. In these years of application , several problems arise, among them, the issue of the lack of flexibility for those chemicals that surpass the Risk Quotient of 1 established by the authority and the absence of risk mitigation procedures to reduce the risks in the current chemicals application escenarios. On the other side, the industry have now a more clear picture of what chemicals could be allowed to be used in acquacultural activities, reducing environmental risks for non target species. In response to the industry/authority concerns we have been working in assessing different chemicals, by elaborating different modeling scenarios and strategies for assessing mixtures assessment, since under the current evaluation the analysis is performed on active principles for the PEC and the commercial formulation for the toxicity assessment. Some of the issues raised during this period, is the slow process of bioassays development for local species in different labs across the country, since some of the requested species to be tested are not available all year around, making delaying the process of delivering results and look for alternatives for testing. The need of different validated modeling approaches as well as the development of better mixtures assessment procedures, since a large amount of chemicals used are in the form of mixtures. This research was funded by ANID/FONDAP 15130015 and ANID Millennium Science Initiative Program ICN 2019_015. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 29 1C.O-Tu-2 Ecological Risk Assessment of PFOS Contamination in Surface Waters From Sulfluramid-Treated Watersheds in Brazil Robson Barizon1, Fabio Kummrow2, Anjaina Albuquerque3, Marcia Assalin1, Maria Rosa1 1Embrapa, Brazil. 2Unifesp, Brazil. 3Unicamp, Brazil Abstract The use of sulfluramid as an insecticide in Brazil poses environmental risks as it may convert into the persistent and toxic perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), a chemical listed in Annex B of the Stockholm Convention that can accumulate in the environment and threaten human and wildlife populations. This study evaluated the ecological risk associated with the presence of PFOS in surface waters of watersheds with intensive use of sulfluramid ant bait. To assess the exposure levels, surface water samples were sampled monthly for a year (October 2020 to September 2021) from eight watersheds containing planted forests using ant baits. A stainless-steel collector was used for the sampling, and the samples were stored in polypropylene bottles, refrigerated, and sent to the laboratory within 48 hours. Water samples were concentrated by solid phase extraction (SPE) and subsequent analysis by UPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS. To assess the impact of PFOS in surface waters, the risk quotient (RQ) approach was employed. RQs were calculated by dividing the measured environmental concentrations (MECs) by the Annual Average Environmental Quality Standard (AA-EQS) proposed by the European Union for PFOS (0.65 ng L−1). For samples with PFOS concentration above the limit of detection (LOD) but below the limit of quantification (LOQ), the concentration was estimated using the equation (LOQ + LOD)/2. PFOS was detected in 85.3% of surface water samples, with the highest concentration observed in October 2020 and the lowest concentrations found between March 2021 to July 2021. The PF1 sampling point had the highest average concentration of PFOS at 8.2 ng L-1. The PF6 point had the lowest mean concentration at 1.5 ng L-1. In all the samples where PFOS was detected, risks to the preservation of aquatic life were observed. The samples collected in PF6 had the same RQ value (2.3) because the concentrations of PFOS were between LOD and LOQ. The highest RQs obtained were 77.8 (PF1), 20.5 (PF8), 19.2 (PF4), 18.9 (PF5), 18.5 (PF3), and 7.7 (PF2 and PF7). All the highest RQs were found in the samples collected in October 2020, except for sites PF6 (sample not analyzed in this campaign) and PF8 (highest RQ obtained in the sample collected in February 2021). All the lowest RQs found had a value of 2.3 because the concentrations of PFOS were between the LOD and the LOQ, except for the sampling site PF1, which had the lowest RQ of 3.4. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 30 1C.O-Tu-3 Methylmercury in Freshwater Ecosystems along Chile and Mapping Risk of Exposure from Fish Consumption in a Latin America Context Paulina Bahamonde1,2,3, Elvira Vergara1,2,4, Floria Pancetti5, Liliana Zúñiga6, Nelson O'Driscoll7, Winfred Espejo8, Chris Harrod9,2, Gustavo Chiang10 1Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, HUB Ambiental UPLA, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile, Chile. 2Millennium Nucleus of Austral Invasive Salmonids (INVASAL), Concepción, Chile, Chile. 3Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Universidad de Magallanes, Chile, Chile. 4Doctorado Interdisciplinario en Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile, Chile. 5Laboratory of Environmental Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Catolica del Norte, Chile. 6Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile. 7Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Acadia University, Canada. 8Department of Animal Science, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chile. 9Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Alexander Von Humboldt, Universidad de Antofagasta, Chile. 10Ecology & Biodiversity Department & Sustainability Research Centre, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Chile Abstract Methylmercury is bioaccumulated and biomagnified in the aquatic food web reaching concerning levels in predator fish. Mining activity is the most important economic activity in Chile and one of the most relevant in Latin America, but also a source of global anthropogenic mercury emission. Rivers in central-northern Chile have been historically exposed to mercury pollution from a vast range of anthropogenic (mining) and natural (orogenic processes, volcanic activity) processes. We sampled rainbow and/or brown trout in 8 river ecosystems from northern (18°S) to southern (54°S) Chile, extending across > 4,000 km. When possible, primary consumer invertebrates and sediments were also obtained. Methylmercury (MeHg) was quantified following U.S. EPA Method 1630 (2001), Acadia University. In addition, δ13C and δ15N stable isotope ratios were estimated via Elementar VisION EA-IRMS, Universidad de Antofagasta. MeHg in fish muscle ranged 0.001-0.492 µg g-1 ww. Trout from the rivers associated with mining in the north of the country had significantly higher MeHg concentrations, following by rivers from areas where mining transitioned to agriculture. Across sites, trout had significantly higher MeHg concentration than macroinvertebrates, and the trophic biomagnification factor (TMF) ranged from 1.53 to 3.01. Later, the risk of mercury exposure and consequently health hazard due to fish consumption in Chile and Latin America and the Caribbean countries were estimated. The 7.38% of the 171 fish species studied were found to have concentrations above the recommended ingestion of THg ≥ 0.95 µg g-1 ww, independently of the water habitat. Furthermore, high risk values (HQ ≥ 1) were estimated in 13 out of the 18 countries studied, and even higher-risk values (HQ ≥ 10) were estimated in some fish species inhabiting watersheds in Trinidad and Peru. Finally, only one site in the north of Chile has HQ ≥ 1, however 3 out of the 8 sampled sites had THg concentration in trout’s to be consumed with restricted meals. Funded by FONDECYT 11180914 SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 31 1C.O-Tu-4 Risk Communication for Mitigation Actions and Human Health Protection in Contaminated Residential Areas with Tension Increase Andreia Yoshinari, Tatiana Numada, Filipe Gimenes, Lina Araki, André Canale EBP Brasil, Brazil Abstract Risk communication is part of the management of a contaminated area and is prescribed in Brazil and in the State of São Paulo by Resolution Conama 420/2009 and by the State Law 13.577/2009, respectively. It is a process involving representatives of all social groups and requires the stakeholders to actively participate in a constructive way. However, there is no description of strategies and procedures on how risk communication should be held. In this context, this article presents two case studies where communication and tools among all stakeholders were considered a key component for the implementation of risk mitigation actions as the pressure from the residents and regulatory agencies raised. Both case studies relate to residential areas contaminated with chlorinated solvent vapors that migrated from the tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene plume in groundwater whose source came from the upstream industries that had used those substances in their process. The concentrations in the indoor air were above standards and required mitigation actions to protect the resident’s health. A Communication Strategy was conceived, mapping all the stakeholders - district attorney, environmental agency, health surveillance, municipality, the responsible party for the environmental liabilities, residents, consultants and subcontractors – and establishing information channels and a risk communication matrix. The risk communication was performed using several communication channels and approaches: a) individual and small groups meetings, with the participation of governmental and non-governmental agencies; b) preparation and distribution of informative notes; c) toxicologist technical support; d) providing a contact number or an e-mail for residents to contact at any time with their questions and schedule work; e) the technical team in the field answered resident’s technical questions with accessible language; and f) above all transparency, constant feedbacks and empathy. Therefore, the risk communication process promoted in both case studies the cooperation between the stakeholders during the implementation of the vapor intrusion investigation and mitigation of the potential risks (applied engineering actions and subslab depressurization system), which were supported by the environmental agencies. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 32 1C.O-Tu-5 The RISK21 Framework: Applications in Risk-Based Evaluation and Risk Communication Eliana Munarriz1, Michelle Embry2 1a Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina b Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Argentina. 2Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, USA, USA Abstract The HESI Risk Assessment in the 21st Century (RISK21) project developed an integrated risk assessment framework that enhances efficiency and risk management. The project was initiated to develop a scientific, transparent, and efficient approach to risk assessment, relying on a problem formulation-based, exposure driven, tiered data acquisition. This RISK21 framework allows informed decisions on safety to be made when sufficient evidence is available, and it maximizes the ability to inform decisions and optimize resource usage. The program also developed a web-based tool that allows users to easily graph their risk assessment data and effectively communicate risk-based decisions, whether for a screening and prioritization purpose or a definitive risk assessment. This tool is freely available at www.risk21.org. The utility and uptake of this approach and the web-tool has been demonstrated via several hands-on case study workshops, led by RISK21 team members and hosted or sponsored by various groups, including government agencies. These workshops have engaged participants in real-world case examples across the world, including the US, Canada, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Brazil, Argentina, Panama, Colombia and Costa Rica,. Moreover, several RISK21 case studies were developed to show the applicability of the framework Risk21 tool to study the impact of pharmaceutical, and agrochemical exposure assessments to the environment. The approach and the associated web-tool are broadly applicable across disciplines for risk assessment, prioritization, communication, and outreach. This presentation will provide a demonstration of the utility of the tool with a focus on applications for ecological risk assessment. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 33 1C.O-Tu-6 Legacy and Novel Brominated Flame Retardants in Indoor Environments and Cars in Major Cities of Colombia: Exposure and Risk Characterization Zenen Carmona-Meza1, Giulia Poma2, Adrian Covaci2, Boris Johnson-Restrepo3 1Environmental Chemistry Research Group, School of Medice , Zaragocilla University Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, 130015, Colombia Toxicological, Colombia. 2Centre, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium, Belgium. 31Environmental Chemistry Research Group, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, San Pablo University Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, 130015, Colombia Toxicological, Colombia Abstract Legacy and novel brominated flame retardants (N-BFRs) are a growing environmental and public health concern due to their ubiquity and toxicity. In particular, dust is a major exposure pathway, which can inadvertently lead to ingestion via hand-to-mouth activity. Our study aimed to characterize the exposure and risk to legacy and novel N-BFRs in office, house, and car dust from three major Colombian cities: Bogota, Medellin, and Cartagena. We collected a total of 44 dust samples from cars, houses, and offices using a household vacuum cleaner, which were then placed in solvent-rinsed aluminum foil, sealed in plastic zip lock bags, and stored at −20 °C. Analysis of PBDEs and N-BFRs was performed using a gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer. On average, the most abundant concentrations of BFRs detected were decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) in cars at 3531 ± 5376 ng/g and decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in offices at 6808 ± 10576 ng/g. BDE-28 had the lowest value detected below of LOQ (≤ 0.2 ng/g) in cars and houses. Spearman correlation coefficient and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate the relationship among the concentrations of BFRs and to identify the major factors explaining the variability in the dataset. The PCA showed that each microenvironment aligned with specific areas, with the samples from offices having the largest concentrations of PBDEs compared to cars and houses. PBDEs had similar concentrations in samples collected from cars and houses. Furthermore, the compounds DPs showed a decrease in anti-DP proportion to syn-DP in the office samples, while these compounds in cars and houses maintained similar profiles. BDE-209 was detected in 92% of samples from office environments, but in cars and houses, it had greater than 98% and 99%, respectively. Overall, the PBDE compounds detected in all samples of different microenvironments were BDE-99, BDE-183, and BDE-47. Our study provides valuable insights into the levels and distribution of legacy and novel BFRs in the Colombian environment and their potential health risks to humans. Our findings could inform policymakers and stakeholders in developing and implementing more efficient e-waste management strategies and safer consumer products. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 34 1D.O-Tu-1 Disproportional Health Risk of Trace Metals in Soil in the Houston Metropolitan Area Sanata Dama, Hyun-Min Hwang Texas Southern University, USA Abstract Urban surface soils are contaminated by heavy metals from various anthropogenic sources such as traffic and industrial facilities. Socio-economically disadvantaged communities are generally located closer to these sources and likely exposed more to heavy metals. This study was to investigate if there is a negative correlation between surface soil contamination by trace metals and economic status (i.e., average annual household income) of surrounding communities. Surface soils were collected from community parks (n=75) and playgrounds of elementary schools (n=6) located in 33 zip codes split into four groups with different economic status and industrial emissions. Trace metals (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Pb) were analyzed using ICP-MS and portable XRF, and cancer and noncancer risks were calculated using an USEPA model. Lead is responsible for more than 80% of noncancer risk in most sites. Hazardous index was significantly higher in low income neighborhoods close to industrial facilities and exceeded 1 in about 10% of the sites. Cancer risk of arsenic ranged from 1.2 x 10-6 to 2.3 x 10-5 (4.6 ± 3.1-6) without significant differences between the all 4 groups, indicating that arsenic is unlikely originated from anthropogenic sources. But, arsenic concentrations exceeded soil screening level in all sites and needs additional investigation for arsenic speciation to predict risk from arsenic more accurately. Health risk associated with organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is also expected to be higher in the economically disadvantaged communities close to industrial facilities, and the overall health risk of toxic chemicals in residential surface soils needs more attention to minimize adverse health effects especially children in these communities. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 35 1D.O-Tu-2 Ecological Risk Assessment of Pesticides in an Urban Tropical Aquatic Ecosystem Maria Carolina Souza Cruz1, Priscila Maria de Oliveira Muniz Cunha1, Ana Cristina Simões Rosa2, Marcia Marques1, Enrico Mendes Saggioro2, André Luís de Sá Salomão1, Juliana Daminco de Souza1 1UERJ, Brazil. 2FIOCRUZ, Brazil Abstract The Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) is associated with threats arising from activities with potential of causing continuous or accidental impacts to the environment. The ERA tool was originally developed to assess soil contamination scenarios and more recently, it has been conducted to assess ecological risks associated to aquatic environments. The Jacarepaguá Lagoon (JPAL), one of the four lagoons in the Jacarepaguá lagoon complex in Rio de Janeiro city suffers from the discharge of untreated or poorly treated urban sewage from residential and commercial condominiums and slums built up in the drainage basin. In the present investigation, the Dutch Triad methodology for ERA was adapted to perform an ERA for JPAL based not on three, but on four Lines of Evidence (LoE). Surface water samples were collected during six bimonthly campaigns at five sampling points in JPAL. The additional LoE (Water Quality LoE) was based on conventional physical-chemical and biological parameters to calculate the Water Quality Index and subsequently estimate the Water Quality Risk. For the Chemical LoE the presence of 107 pesticides was investigated with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, to estimate the Chemical Risk Index. The Ecotoxicological LoE was based on chronic ecotoxicity tests with the microalgae Chlorela vulgaris and with the microcrustacean Ceriodaphnia dubia, to estimate the Ecotoxicological Risk Index. For the Ecological LoE, the richness and abundance of microalgae species in the lagoon were analyzed to estimate the Ecological Risk Index. The Environmental Risk Index was then, obtained after the integration of these four LoE risks indexes. Meanwhile the Water Quality Risk (0.68 ± 0.06), the Chemical Risk (0.61 ± 0.21) and the Ecological Risk (0.72 ± 0.08) were classified as high, the Ecotoxicological Risk (0.78 ± 0.22) was classified as very high. Finally, the Integrated Environmental Risk based on all LoE was considered very high (0.77±0.13). The result of this assessment, strongly indicate the lagoon ecosystem is in an advanced stage of contamination and degradation, requiring urgent actions to mitigate the risks, such as improvement in the sewage collection and treatment, with interruption of clandestine discharge into the lagoon. Additionally, a detailed investigation is needed to elucidate the main sources and routes of the pesticides found in JPAL to prevent them from reaching this sensitive water body. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 36 1D.O-Tu-3 Arsenic Concentration in Groundwater and Raw Bovine Milk in Dairy Farms From Córdoba, Argentina. Is There Any Risk to Human Health? Noelia Urseler1, Fernanda Biolé1, Julieta Griboff2, Michelle Biolé1, Romina Bachetti1, Carolina Morgante1, Magdalena Monferrán2 1Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnológica (IMITAB- CONICET), IAP de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María., Argentina. 2Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina Abstract Arsenic (As) is mainly a naturally toxic metalloid that can cause adverse effects on human health. Drinking water contaminated with As is the most important route of exposure and accumulation in organisms. Dairy cattle often suffer subclinical As toxicity, as the metalloid is retained in blood and milk. This study aimed to determine As concentration in groundwater and raw bovine milk, as well as the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and risks it is likely to pose for human health. Seventeen dairy farms in the Pampean plain of Córdoba were analyzed during November 2021. Total As concentration in groundwater and bovine milk was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Potential human health risks, associated with As consumption, have been assessed by estimating the hazard quotient (HQ), target hazard quotient (THQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR) in children and adults. The BAF was used to evaluate the degree to which As from water can bioaccumulate in milk. Total As was quantified in 100% of the groundwater (at values ranging from 4.5 to 498.7 μg/L), and in 71% of the bovine milk samples (from 7.4 to 470.2 μg/g). The As levels in 94% and 53% of the groundwater samples (n=17) exceeded the limits established for human consumption (10 μg/L) and animal drinking (50 μg/L), respectively. While 71% of the bovine milk samples exceeded the internationally suggested concentrations (10 μg/kg). The As concentration in groundwater samples was more prevalent in the south-east (discharge area) of the Córdoba province. Therefore, As is controlled by lithology (fine sediments) and distance of the boreholes from the piedemont recharge area in the western Pampean mountain. The HQ mean values of the metalloid classified as “adverse effect” on human health for children and adults in groundwater (child= 25.9, adult= 3.6). The THQ mean values were negligible in milk (child= 1.0E-2, adult= 2.7E-3). The CR values classified as “unacceptable” to “need further evaluation” (child= 4.5E-4 – 5.0E-2, adult= 2.1E-4 – 2.0E-2 in groundwater; child= 1.3E-3 – 3.0E-2, adult= 2.5E-4 – 1.0E-2 in milk). Nevertheless, BAF was higher than 1 in 35% of the dairy farms, suggesting that dairy cows can incorporate As from abiotic matrices. The results presented indicate that the status of As contamination in the study area should continue to be monitored in order to assess its long-term impact on public health. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 37 1D.O-Tu-4 Interdisciplinary Workig Methology and Contribution to the Knowledge of Toxicology and Risk Analysis Ariana Rossen1, Ligia Romeo2, Amalia Ponzio2, Valentina Olmos3, Edda Villaamil3, Maria Zapiola4, Juan Ignacio Pina5, Juan C Batista6, Eliana Munarriz7, Susana García8, Jorge Debanne9, Guillermo Mentruyt6 1Instituto nacional del agua, Argentina. 2Corteva AgriScience, Argentina. 3Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires, Argentina, Argentina. 4Consejo Argentino para la Información y el Desarrollo de la Biotecnología; Buenos Aires, Argentina, Argentina. 5Atanor SCA; Buenos Aires, Argentina, Argentina. 6Instituto para la Cooperación Científica en Ambiente y Salud; Buenos Aires, Argentina, Argentina. 7a Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina b Cátedra de Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avda. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Argentina. 8Sociedad Iberoamericana de Salud Ambiental; Buenos Aires, Argentina, Argentina. 9Universidad ISalud Buenos Aires, Argentina, Argentina Abstract The Institute for Scientific Cooperation in Environment and Health (ICCAS) is an area of transdisciplinary interaction based on a tripartite working model: academia, industry and government. It brings together specialists to address science- and technology-based issues in an integrated manner. Its mission is to promote joint learning, connect, cooperate and bring together leading scientists to exchange knowledge, opening the doors to innovation. The pillars of the institution are: scientific integrity, collaborative work and professional ethics. ICCAS is supported by volunteer professional who devote their time and economical resources from donors and other institutions, which provide funding or in-kind contributions. Multiple thematic areas such as research integrity, food safety, food residues and contaminants, good agricultural practices, water quality, emerging contaminants, medicine and environment, and evidence-based nutrition are addressed. In the Working Group on Risk Analysis and Toxicology (WG-ARyT), contribution is focused on the training of professionals in risk assessment, toxicology and epidemiology, residues in food, regulatory toxicology, and the use of the Risk21 tool, developed by the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI), for problem formulation and risk communication, stands out. In addition, science communication and publications are produced on water quality, environmental pollution, toxicology and risk assessment. In relation to water, several articles have been published for non-specialists on arsenic, impact and safety of phytosanitary products, emerging pollutants, microplastics, among others. We are currently working on a collaborative project on pharmacontamination, focused on providing tools for diagnosis and proposing mitigation measures. In this presentation we would like to share our broad and independent approach and methodology used to exchange ideas and knowledge based on a rigorous analysis of scientific evidence, based on principles of scientific integrity SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 38 1D.O-Tu-6 Bioavailability-Based Environmental Risk Assessment Approaches for Nickel: Providing Ecological Protection for This Participant in the Renewable Energy Transition Christian Schlekat1, Emily Garman1, Elizabeth Middleton1, Graham Merrington2, Adam Peters2 1NiPERA, USA. 2wca environmental, United Kingdom Abstract Nickel is increasingly acknowledged as playing a role in the green energy transition given its role as a cathode in batteries used to fuel electronic vehicles, in addition to its more traditional role as a component of sustainable corrosion-resistant stainless steel. The role that nickel will play has led to increased global demand. Recently, mining operations have commenced in South America, and notably in Brazil. Ecosystem protection involves a wide range of tools, including the derivation of threshold concentrations that can be used as the basis for emission limits and in various stages of environmental risk assessment, e.g., the establishment of clean-up goals. This is challenging for naturally occurring substances like nickel, as threshold concentrations need to be at once protective of ecosystem structure and function while avoiding situations where standards are set at concentrations occurring below those that occur naturally. One methodology that has received global attention is bioavailbility-based approaches. Nickel toxicity to organisms is influenced by the naturally-occurring constituents of different environmental matrices. For example, nickel toxicity to aquatic organisms is determined by pH, water hardness, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations, such that effects of nickel can vary considerably from one system to another. We have worked with regulatory authorities around the world to develop bioavailability-based approaches for nickel that have been demonstrated to be equally protective for temperate and tropical ecosystems. The basis for these approaches is an extremely diverse ecotoxicity database and a bioavailability normalization process that can yield local- and regional-level thresholds that are adaptable to the desired level of ecosystem protection. We will present examples showing the degree to which nickel toxicity can vary among different South American ecosystems, and suggest approaches that can be implemented to provide cost-effective ecological protection. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 39 Session 2: Research and Management Approaches to Achieve a Balance Between Food Production and Nature Conservation – How to Conserve Biodiversity in an Agricultural Context? 2A.O-Tu-1 Environment Assessment of Mezcal Supply-Chain in Oaxaca Claudia Roxana Juarez Lopez1, Magdaleno Caballero1, Fernando Chiñas-Castillo2, Rafael Alavez-Ramirez1 1Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico. 2Instituto Tecnologico de Oaxaca, Mexico Abstract Agricultural production and its subsequent transformation into food and beverages have a significant impact on the environment. Mezcal, a Mexican distilled beverage, is predominantly produced in Oaxaca, southern Mexico, with an annual production of 6.5 million liters. Over the last 10 years, production has increased by 700% due to high demand, causing an expansion in the agricultural frontier for agave planting and extraction, promoting the monoculture of the espadin maguey (Agave angustifolia Haw), and increased use of resources such as water and firewood. Therefore, it is essential to assess the ecological impact of the production chain. The aim of this study was to analyze the environmental effects generated by the agave- mezcal production chain using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology to calculate potential environmental impact. The functional unit considered is 1 liter of young white mezcal made from agave espadin. Results were obtained for three environmental indicators: global warming potential (GWP). The results indicate that the Mezcal agro-industrial system in Oaxaca contributes to GWP, mainly due to CO2 emissions caused by the transport of inputs such as agave, firewood, bottles, and the use of fuel in agricultural machinery. The net result is 1.48 kg CO2 eq/liter of mezcal.The occupation of land for the cultivation of mezcal is 2 m/liter. The expansion of the agricultural frontier for agave cultivation and extraction, along with increased use of resources. It was identified that large-scale monoculture cultivation of agave can result in the elimination of natural habitats and a reduction in biodiversity. Additionally, the intensive use of pesticides and herbicides can be toxic to wildlife and their habitats. Furthermore, monoculture farming can lead to soil depletion and degradation, resulting in reduced soil quality, erosion, and loss of nutrients. Unlike a diverse range of plants, a single crop species cannot effectively retain nutrients in the soil, further exacerbating the environmental impact. These findings underscore the importance of adopting sustainable production practices. The results of this study can inform efforts to develop alternative approaches that reduce the environmental impact of mezcal production. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 40 2A.O-Tu-3 Toxicity of Ametrine and Carbendazim on histopathological endpoints in the Danio rerio (Zebrafish) experimental model Aline Garveni Favero1, Ísis Wanessa Ferreira1, Fábio Kummrow2, Cesar Koppe Grisolia3, Gisele Giannocco2, Dimitrius Leonardo Pitol4, Ana Carolina Luchiari5, Bruno Fiorelini Pereira2 1Unifesp – campus São Paulo, Brazil. 2Unifesp – campus Diadema, Brazil. 3UNB, Brazil. 4FORP/USP, Brazil. 5UFRN, Brazil Abstract Currently, thousands of different commercial products are being used as pesticides, among them the fungicide Carbendazim and the herbicide Ametrine stand out, due to their high environmental risk. The Zebrafish (D. Rerio), a fish native of South Asia, is one of the most important species as a vertebrate model in studies of genetics, developmental biology, neurophysiology, ecotoxicology and biomedicine. Histological endpoints are considered great biomarkers, as they allow the rapid identification of changes in different tissues and organs. Among the organs usually used for such analyzes, the gills and the liver can be highlighted, due to their direct contact with the environment, in the case of the gills, and the detoxification of the organism, in the case of the liver. This work aimed to evaluate the histopathological effects in these two organs after exposure to a range of environmentally relevant concentrations of the pesticides Ametrine and Fipronil in the Zebrafish experimental model. For this, acute exposure (96h) was performed with a partial change of water after 48h of exposure. For each substance, 5 concentrations were used, being 2; 20; 200; 1000; 2000 µg/L for Ametrine and 5, 10, 50, 150 and 200 µg/L for Carbendazim. After exposure, the organs were collected, processed in paraffin and submitted to Hematoxylin and Eosin reaction, for analysis aiming at obtaining the histopathological alteration index. This index was calculated taking into account the changes classified into five basic classes (circulatory disorders, regressive changes, progressive changes, inflammatory processes and neoplasms), both for the gills and for the liver. No neoplastic changes were observed for any of the pesticides studied. Ametrine showed a predominance of regressive alterations for both tissues with observation of foci of inflammatory infiltrates in the liver. Carbendazim showed a higher frequency of regressive and progressive alterations in the gills and regressive in the liver. These data will be used as a basis for calculating environmentally relevant mixtures, the focus of the next stages of this project. Grant: 2022/03094-5, São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 41 2A.O-Tu-4 Phytotoxic and Tick-Killing Activity of Colombian Essential Oils Beatriz Eugenia Jaramillo Colorado1, Victor Antonio Rodriguez-Orozco1, Nayive Pino-Benitez2 1Grupo de Investigaciones Agroquímicas, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolívar, Colombia, Colombia. 2Universidad Tecnológica del Choco, Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Colombia Abstract Pest control in agriculture is generally carried out through the application of synthetic insecticides that cause deterioration of health and the environment. Essential oils (EOs) extracted from plants are seen as alternatives to synthetic pesticides. In this work, essential oils from plants of the Piperaceae, Apiaceae and Rutaceae families were isolated by hydrodistillation and their volatile chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography with a mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS). The phytotoxic activity was evaluated using Stock solutions, in ethanol, of A.E. from an initial concentration of 10 µg/µL, and tested on seeds of Lolium perenne and Lactuca sativa, in which the germination inhibition capacity was determined in a period of 7 days. The insecticidal activity was evaluated using Stock solutions, in acetone, of the EOs from a curve with an initial concentration of 20 µg/µL up to 1.25 µg/µL, and tested on Hyalomma lusitanicum larvae. From these results it is concluded that the EOs of P. coruscans, P. ottoniaefolium, P. reticulatum, E. foetidum, and T. trifolia, do not present phytotoxic activity to the tested species, since they do not exceed 50% in inhibition of the Seed germination, on the other hand, have a high insecticidal activity, since low concentrations are required for the mortality of 50% of the evaluated H. lusitanicum population. In conclusion, the essential oils evaluated can be considered as potential biopesticides for future integrated pest management programs. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 42 2A.O-Tu-5 Relative Impact of Extensive Agriculture and Horticulture to Sediment Quality: Ecotoxicological Bioassays with the Latin-American Amphipod Hyalella curvispina Tomás Mac Loughlin, Damián Marino, Leticia Peluso Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente-CIM (CONICET/UNLP), Argentina Abstract Argentina’s current agricultural production model is based on the use of agrochemicals, such as fertilizers and mainly pesticides. Extensive agriculture and horticulture are the two major productive activities that use up pesticide in large quantities. While extensive agriculture is characterized by areas of 50 to 100 ha of a single crop, horticulture is characterized by intense use of the land, with farms ranging from 1 to 3 ha, being cultivated with multiple crops. Despite pesticide relevance, data on the effects on the biota associated to nearby watercourses is scarce. Given this paucity, the objective is to assess the relative impact of extensive agriculture and horticulture to sediment quality on representative watercourses by conducting whole-sediment toxicity bioassays with the native amphipod Hyalella curvispina. The lower Gualeguay basin, in the Province of Entre Ríos, was selected as a representative watercourse impacted by extensive agriculture, and the Carnaval creek, in the periphery of La Plata, Province of Buenos Aires, as a horticulture-impacted watercourse. Survival in all the campaigns and sites of the Gualeguay basin was, on average, greater than 90%, in some instances reaching the survival of all test organisms. Growth inhibition for this system was around 10% to 20%, with higher percentages in the spring-summer campaigns, these being the ones that presented statistically significant differences with respect to the control. Mortality was largely observed in the horticulture-impacted Carnaval Creek, with no organisms surviving some of the sediments. In those sediments where survival was >50%, growth inhibition reached values of up to 40% and generally presented statistically significant differences. Concentrations of cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and λ-cyhalothrin were above effects-based sediment benchmarks. Glyphosate and AMPA were the most frequently detected pesticides in both production systems, but no mortality was recorded in sediments where no other pesticide was detected. Observed effects were correlated with pesticide concentrations by multivariate analysis, revealing toxicity was mainly due to insecticides, principally to λ-cyhalothrin. According to our results, both productive systems negatively impacted the associated waterbodies, with the sediments from the horticulture system being the ones that produced a greater frequency of acute ecotoxicological effects. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 43 2A.O-Tu-6 Ecotoxicological Footprint of Rice Rotations With Different Agricultural Intensity Leonidas Carrasco-Letelier, José A. Terra, Alvaro Roel, Walter Ayala, Alexander Bordagorri, Néstor Serrón, Sebastián Martínez Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA Uruguay), Uruguay Abstract In the framework of Sustainable Development Goal 2 - creating a world free of hunger by 2030 - is one of the most significant technological demands. The development of sustainable agriculture intensification (SI) has emerged as a paradigm for improving agricultural sustainability and productivity to enhance food production with reduced environmental footprints on existing farmland. In this context, rice accounting for 21% of global calorie intake while using 11% of global cropland. Uruguay is an important exporter, whose intensification strategies and production system have reported one of the best environmental performances at farms in using nutrients, carbon footprint, and energy balance. In this framework, the National Institute of Agriculture Research of Uruguay holds a 7-years long-term experiment (LTE) that represents different scenarios of rice cropping systems for the characterization of the agronomic and environmental performance of each one. Since a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) view the environmental impact assessment requires a standardized way to allow the comparison between alternative technology of intensification. According to mentioned above, this work determined the changes in the ecotoxicological footprint of six rice-based cropping systems - that belong to LTE - with different intensification levels that were estimated for rice in rotation with long-term pastures, with short-term pastures, with soybean crop, and continuous rice. The ecotoxicological footprint was estimated using USEtox database, and Toxicological Units, using the University of Hertfordshire's pesticide database, for the impacts on soil and freshwater ecosystems. The functional unit used was the energy equivalent embodied in the harvest crops. The results allow for hierarchizing pesticides according to its respective impacts in each cropping system and comparing rotations and crops. This assessment will allow the prioritization of pesticides whose use must be replaced or eliminated to reduce the overall impact. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 44 2B.O-Tu-1 Reduction of Glyphosate Loads in Soybean Production Systems Using Service Crops and Roller Crimping Pamela Jorajuría Noya, Milton Alejandro García Latasa Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Uruguay Abstract Currently, weed resistance to herbicides is a critical issue negatively affecting agricultural production worldwide. In general, management of herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds has meant an increase in the use of chemical products which, at the same time, has risen environmental concerns. In this context, service crops (SC) and roller crimping, as a desiccation method, are promising alternative tools for managing HR weeds that would allow to reduce the use of chemical herbicides and contribute to developing more sustainable agricultural systems. One experiment replicated in three different agricultural locations in Uruguay conducted to evaluate: i) the weed control achieved with different planting densities (0; 6.25; 12.5; 25; 50, and 100 kg ha-1) of black oats as a SC, and ii) the desiccation of the SC using a roller crimper, and its effect on the weed infestation and yield of the subsequent soybean crop. The highest densities of the SC (50, and 100 kg ha-1) oats covered the soil more quickly although, this did not translate into a decrease in the initial weed germination infesting the SC. However, weeds' biomass was reduced by at least 85% at the time of the desiccation of the SC at sowing densities equal or above 25 kg ha-1. The suppression of weeds at these densities was maintained even during the soybean crop's initial development, decreasing weeds' germination of summer weeds. The roller crimping of the SC did not affect the population or the yield of the soybean crop. These results indicate that weed interference and commonly used amount of herbicides can be reduced by the effect of a competitive SC in combination with the roller crimper for its desiccation. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 45 2B.O-Tu-2 Dust Abraded From Thiamethoxam‐treated Seed During Sowing: Refining the Risk Assessment for Native Bees in Brazil Helen Thompson1, Ana Cione2, Mario Paniago2, Mariana Artal2 1Syngenta CP, United Kingdom. 2Syngenta CP, Brazil Abstract During sowing using pneumatic machinery, dust may be abraded from pesticide‐treated seed and contaminate adjacent bee‐attractive off‐crop areas. This study quantified the risk to native bees of dust released during sowing of Brazilian crop seeds treated with a thiamethoxam formulation (Cruiser 350FS). To address toxicity to native bees, adult acute contact LD50data for thiamethoxam were collated from the literature, a species sensitivity distribution generated, and the HD5 calculated. The LD50 HD5 was used to refine the default safety factor applied to the honeybee acute contact LD50 from 10 to 5.45 for thiamethoxam. Crop‐specific abraded dust data (Heubach dust and Heubach AI) were generated for seeds treated with Cruiser 350FS sourced from on‐farm and industrial facilities. The mean Heubach dust levels was ranked as cotton = maize > sunflower = soybean > drybean. There was no correlation between the measured residues of thiamethoxam (Heubach AI) and those estimated in dust based on the thiamethoxam content of Cruiser 350FS. A hazard quotient (HQ) for each crop (based on application rate, the default dust deposition factor, and the honeybee contact LD50/10) identified risks during sowing for all crops. Refinement of the application rate with the measured 90th percentile Heubach dust (assuming 100% thiamethoxam) resulted in sowing of industrially treated soybean and on‐farm treated cotton being identified as risks. Further refinement using either the measured 90th percentile Heubach AI or the acute contact LD50 (HD5) resulted in sowing of all crops treated with Cruiser 350FS as being identified as low risk. Similar high quality seed treatment should be demonstrated for other formulations containing insecticides with high toxicity to bees. Data on dust drift from machinery and crops more representative of those in Brazil may allow further refinement of the default dust deposition value of 17% used in this study. SETAC Latin America 15th Biennial Meeting Abstract Book | 46 2B.O-Tu-3 Alterations in Cartilage Growth in Swines (Sus scrofa domesticus) Exposed Orally to the Fungicide Captan Dimitrius Leonardo Pitol1, Fábio Kummrow2, Marcos de Almeida Souza3, Edson Moleta Colodel3, Bruno Fiorelini Pereira2 1FORP/USP, Brazil. 2Unif